Water knowledge

    The principle of water jet structure

    Time: 2015-01-27 16:14:42     

    Humans since ancient times using the impact force of water flow, water tankers, made the water mill hydraulic machinery. If the water flow ejected from the high pressure water jet, its impact is even greater. The former Soviet Union for the coal mining industry, called hydraulic mining. High speed water flow ejected from the blocked in the coal seam, the speed suddenly drops, the instant impact force is large enough, the coal brittle fracture of coal mining operations, complete. Inspired by this, the Soviet scientists developed the high pressure water jet cutting technology, and the Usa Inc has taken out a patent for the technology, make the goods.

    Ordinary water after a super high pressure compression device, the water pressure to 4000 bar (60000psi), and then through the nozzle of a small (the diameter is 0.004 to 0.016 inches), can produce a per second up to 915 meters (about three times the speed of sound) water arrows, this water arrows to do all kinds of surface treatment and cutting all kinds of nonmetal material such as paper, diapers, glass, fiber, sponge.

    And for to cut metal and relatively hard material such as all kinds of stone, glass, ceramics, tiles and other materials, development and design patent Fulu other issued more perfect, is the material of sand and water arrows mixed to enhance its cutting ability, the high speed abrasive waterjets almost any material cutting.

    To do this, have relatively high demand for water, pipe, nozzle. Such as pipes, water jet is used in high pressure tools the water pressure after the shoot out, must have a high pressure to the hard cutting material cut, so the pipe must be able to withstand high pressure, the pressure is much greater than 700 MPa, because the thin steel plate (the material to be cut) itself can withstand the pressure of 700 mpa.

    Secondly, water jet with water no impurity is wrong. Because the pressure is much greater than 700 MPa, then for pipeline sealing device for sealing performance, no matter how good, pure water will make them wear and leakage. In order to solve this problem, the water jet of water soluble emulsified oil to add 5%, improve the sealing effect. For high-pressure pump, also need some oil added to increase its sealing performance.

    As mentioned above, the water jet nozzle is made of hard alloy, sapphire and other materials, the nozzle diameter is only 0.05 mm, and the hole wall is smooth, can withstand the pressure of 1700 MPa, high pressure water so blown out like a knife cutting materials. Some of the water also adds some long chain polymers, such as polyethylene oxide, increase water "viscosity", make the sprayed water is like a "thread".

    Its processing precision is high, the cutting width is only 0.1 - 0.8 mm, can process the surface of complex parts. After processing the parts smooth incision neatly, without dressing. Especially for processing easy to hot deformation material, "water knife" more unique superiority.

    It is not like tool that wear problem, Recyclable use into the water jet abrasive and wastewater mixing equipment, but also simple, low processing cost. The machining process of vibration and noise caused by the very small, scrap rate is only 15% - 20% of the mechanical processing, and debris with water flow away, injuring the operator can not fly.

    "Water", because it is not the knife, to open up a broad play. The cutting of the composite is a thorny problem in processing. Such as the use of traditional processing methods, there will be stratified and tear phenomenon, but the "water knife" is the ideal tool to solve this problem. Ceramics coating with "water knife" to remove the component, effect is better than that of mechanical method and chemical method. "Water" can be used for punching, grinding materials. Hull and propeller attachments on the surface, in the chemical pipe scale, with "water knife" is also very easy to clean.




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